- First, as white, pick a few major opening lines and read about them. You can also find instructional videos on youtube for most openings, but I find them a bit irritating compared to a written analysis. Make sure they fit your style i.e. the kind of game your like depending on how aggressive/defensive a player you are.
- As black, learn to respond to the most common openings- particularly 1.e4. If you play against someone often then by all means use their opening strategy as inspiration. Narrow things down as much as you can so that you can focus on a certain type of opening/situation.
- If you have not done so already, learn the basic principles of opening play (also in case your opponent deviates from your line, which he will undoubtedly do). You can check out chess opening principles on a search engine or youtube.
- Practice analysing positions. By this I mean treating it like a tree with branches that divide into other branches which you explore as far as is feasible and then move to a different branch. Training your mind to go deeper and deeper is a huge advantage.
- Try your hand at chess puzzles. I dont mean the novelty problems where you have to find a checkmate in X moves, but more where you have to analyze positions and suggest moves. Again, there are probably many free resources here too and definitely many good books.
Beyond this, try to analyse your game and see why it is that you often lose. Where is the problem? The opening, the middle game, the end game? What are your weaknesses. Identify the kind of player you are and work on what is missing.
Some people like pratising with computers, personally I hate it. But, it may be something for you. There are many free chess programs out there if you do not already have one. Here is a pretty decent one:
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