Chrome separates each tab and each plugin into a sandboxed process. This makes it very secure and stable, though it uses a bit more system resources. This is a fantastic development, and it's something all browsers will be doing in a few years..
I really like the Chrome UI, it's very compact. It even supports Vista Aero transparency in the tab bar.
It doesn't look like Chrome will ever support extensions in the same way Firefox does, and that's a deal-breaker for me. At the very least, Chrome will have to support mouse gestures before I could use it. It's not very customizable either.
For now, Chrome is just a better version of Safari for Windows with some innovative features.
Quick comparison
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RAM: Measured after all the other tests are finished in the same browser session
Very large table: 14MB table of random characters
Mixed HTML: Longest article on Wikipedia
CSS test: HowToCreate.co.uk css test
Acid3: From Wikipedia, since acid3.acidtests.org was down
Sunspider: Javascript test
Firefox
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RAM: 70MB
Very large table: 15 seconds
Mixed HTML: 1.5 seconds
CSS test: 621ms
Acid3: 71
Sunspider: 4,603ms
IE7
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RAM: 20MB
Very large table: 53 seconds
Mixed HTML: 1 second
CSS test: 575ms
Acid3: 14
Sunspider: 34,248ms
Safari
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RAM: 240MB
Very large table: 6 seconds
Mixed HTML: <1 second
CSS test: 97ms
Acid3: 75
Sunspider: 5,357ms
K-Meleon CCF ME
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RAM: 20MB
Very large table: 19 seconds
Mixed HTML: <1 second
CSS test: 500ms
Acid3: ??
Sunspider: 4,362ms
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