2: The risk is significantly less than if it was during or near ovulation, however, it is far from guaranteed to be safe.
The first day a period is referred to as "Cycle day 1"; on average, most women ovulate on cycle day 14. However, this varies from woman to woman and it is possible to ovulate much earlier in the cycle. For example, you could have a 7 day period and have sex on cycle day 7; since sperm can live inside a woman's body for 3-5 days, pregnancy could still occur on cycle day 10-12, which isn't much earlier than the average.
Unless you know for certain when you ovulate (very few women do; it is a complicated business of taking OTC tests, charting body temperature, etc.), it is not advisable at all to have sex unprotected. Even if you do, it would be best to use protection to be safe.
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